According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 3.5 million people die annually due to cigarette smoking, and this number is projected to increase to 10 million per year by 2030 (Mustafa et al
Comprehensive review of epidemiological and animal studies on the potential carcinogenic effects of nicotine per se
Vasomotor Rhinitis
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After one week of acclimatization, 36 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=6) as follows: Group 1: Young male rats (aged 4 months, body weight = 115 10 g) Group 2: Young male control rats (aged 4 months, body weight = 115 10 g) Group 3: Middle-aged male rats (aged 12 months, body weight = 180 10 g) Group 4: Middle-aged male control rats (aged 12 months, body weight = 180 10 g) Group 5: Old male rats (aged 24 months, body weight = 220 10 g) Group 6: Old male control rats (aged 24 months, body weight = 220 10 g) Groups 1, 3, and 5 were exposed to passive cigarette smoke for 15 minutes once every day for 30 days and had free access to food and water
